Программа среднего профессионального образования

44.02.01 Дошкольное образование

Дисциплина: Иностранный язык

Практическое занятие 5


Выполнил:

Обучающийся Паршукова Надежда Петровна

Преподаватель:

Гоголева Елена Александровна


Задание 1. (максимальное количество баллов – 3 балла)

Прочитайте и переведите текст. Составьте пересказ на 10-15 предложений на английском языке (пересказ делается письм 

енно)

 

Traditions and customs in Great Britain/ОбычаиитрадициивВеликобритании.

 

British nation is considered to be the most conservative in Europe. It is not a secret that every nation and every country has its own customs and traditions. In Great Britain people attach greater importance to traditions and customs than in other European countries. Englishmen are proud of their traditions and carefully keep them up. The best examples are their queen, money system, their weights and measures.

There are many customs and some of them are very old. There is, for example, the Marble Championship, where the British Champion is crowned; he wins a silver cup known among folk dancers as Morris Dancing. Morris Dancing is an event where people, worn in beautiful clothes with ribbons and bells, dance with handkerchiefs or big sticks in their hands, while traditional music-sounds.

Another example is the Boat Race, which takes place on the river Thames, often on Easter Sunday. A boat with a team from Oxford University and one with a team from Cambridge University hold a race.

British people think that the Grand National horse race is the most exciting horse race in the world. It takes place near Liverpool every year. Sometimes it happens the same day as the Boat Race takes place, sometimes a week later. Amateur riders as well as professional jockeys can participate. It is a very famous event.

There are many celebrations in May, especially in the countryside.

Halloween is a day on which many children dress up in unusual costumes. In fact, this holiday has a Celtic origin. The day was originally called All Halloween's Eve, because it happens on October 31, the eve of all Saint's Day. The name was later shortened to Halloween. The Celts celebrated the coming of New Year on that day.

Another tradition is the holiday called Bonfire Night.

On November 5,1605, a man called Guy Fawkes planned to blow up the Houses of Parliament where the king James 1st was to open Parliament on that day. But Guy Fawkes was unable to realize his plan and was caught and later, hanged. The British still remember that Guy Fawkes' Night. It is another name for this holiday. This day one can see children with figures, made of sacks and straw and dressed in old clothes. On November 5th, children put their figures on the bonfire, burn them, and light their fireworks.

In the end of the year, there is the most famous New Year celebration. In London, many people go to Trafalgar Square on New Year's Eve. There is singing and dancing at 12 o'clock on December 31st.

A popular Scottish event is the Edinburgh Festival of music and drama, which takes place every year. A truly Welsh event is the Eisteddfod, a national festival of traditional poetry and music, with a competition for the best new poem in Welsh.

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If we look at English weights and measures, we can be convinced that the British are very conservative people. They do not use the internationally accepted measurements. They have conserved their old measures. There are nine essential measures. For general use, the smallest weight is one ounce, then 16 ounce is equal to a pound. Fourteen pounds is one stone.

The English always give people's weight in pounds and stones. Liquids they measure in pints, quarts and gallons. There are two pints in a quart and four quarts or eight pints are in one gallon. For length, they have inches» foot, yards and miles.

If we have always been used to the metric system therefore the English monetary system could be found rather difficult for us. They have a pound sterling, which is divided into twenty shillings, half-crown is cost two shillings and sixpence, shilling is worth twelve pennies and one penny could be changed by two halfpennies.

Ответ:

1. Перевод.

Обычаи и традиции в Великобритании.

Британская нация считается самой консервативной в Европе. Ни для кого не секрет, что у каждого народа и каждой страны есть свои обычаи и традиции. В Великобритании люди придают большее значение традициям и обычаям, чем в других европейских странах. Англичане гордятся своими традициями и тщательно их соблюдают. Лучшие примеры - их королева, денежная система, их меры и веса.

Существует много обычаев, и некоторые из них очень древние. Есть, например, чемпионат по мрамору, где коронуется британский чемпион; он выигрывает серебряный кубок, известный среди народных танцоров как Танец Морриса. Танцы Морриса - это мероприятие, на котором люди, одетые в красивую одежду с лентами и колокольчиками, танцуют с носовыми платками или большими палками в руках, в то время как звучит традиционная музыка.

Другим примером являются гонки на лодках, которые проходят на реке Темзе, в Пасхальное воскресенье. Лодка с командой Оксфордского университета и одна с командой Кембриджского университета проводят гонку.

Британцы считают, что Большие национальные скачки - самые захватывающие скачки в мире. Он проходит каждый год недалеко от Ливерпуля. Иногда это происходит в тот же день, когда проходят Лодочные гонки, иногда через неделю. Участвовать могут как гонщики-любители, так и профессиональные жокеи. Это очень известное событие.

В мае проводится много праздников, особенно в сельской местности.

Хэллоуин - это день, в который многие дети наряжаются в необычные костюмы. На самом деле этот праздник имеет кельтское происхождение. Первоначально этот день назывался Вечер всех святых, потому что он приходится на 31 октября, канун Дня всех святых. Позже это название было сокращено до –Хэллоуин. В этот день кельты праздновали наступление Нового года.

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Еще одна традиция - праздник под названием Ночь костра.
5 ноября 1605 годачеловек по имени Гай Фокс планировал взорвать здание парламента, где в этот день король Джеймс 1-й должен был открыть парламент. Но Гай Фокс не смог осуществить свой план и был пойман, а позже повешен. Британцы до сих пор помнят ту Ночь Гая Фокса. Это другое название этого праздника. В этот день можно увидеть детей с фигурками, сделанными из мешков и соломы и одетыми в старую одежду. 5 ноября дети кладут свои фигурки в костер, сжигают их и зажигают фейерверки.

В конце года здесь проходит самое знаменитое празднование Нового года. В Лондоне многие люди идут на Трафальгарскую площадь в канун Нового года. 31 декабря в 12 часов здесь поют и танцуют.

Популярным шотландским событием является Эдинбургский фестиваль музыки и драмы, который проходит каждый год. Поистине, валлийским событием является Эйстедфод, национальный фестиваль традиционной поэзии и музыки, с конкурсом на лучшее новое стихотворение на валлийском языке.

Если мы посмотрим на английские меры и весы, то сможем убедиться, что британцы - очень консервативный народ. Они не используют международно признанные измерения. Они сохранили свои старые меры. Существует девять основных мер. Для общего использования наименьший вес составляет одну унцию, тогда 16 унций равны фунту. Четырнадцать фунтов - это один камень.

Англичане всегда указывают вес людей в фунтах и камнях. Жидкости они измеряют в пинтах, квартах и галлонах. В кварте две пинты, а в одном галлоне четыре кварты или восемь пинт. Что касается длины, то у них есть дюймы, фут, ярды и мили.

Если бы мы всё жеразобрались с метрической системой, то английская денежная система могла бы показаться нам довольно сложной. У них есть фунт стерлингов, который делится на двадцать шиллингов, полкроны стоят два шиллинга и шесть пенсов, шиллинг стоит двенадцать пенни, а один пенни можно обменять на два полпенни.

2. Пересказ.

As any other country, Britain has a variety of different customs and traditions. People in Great Britain are proud of their traditions and try to keep them up. The best examples are their weights and measures and monetary system, which haven’t been changed for many years.

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Some of the British customs are very old. The example is the Marble Championship, where the British Champion is crowned. He gets a silver cup, known as Morris Dancing. It’s an event where people in beautiful clothes dance with handkerchiefs or big sticks in their hands. The Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge, which takes place on the river Thames, is another old tradition. Most often it occurs on Easter Sunday.

The Grand National horse race is one of the most exciting horse races in the world. It takes place near Liverpool every year. Amateur riders as well as professional jockeys are welcome.

The celebration of All Saints Day or Halloween is on the 31st of October. This holiday has a Celtic origin. On this day people dress up in unusual costumes and cut faces out of pumpkins.

One more tradition is the holiday called Bonfire Night or Guy Fawkes’ Night. Guy Fawkes was a man who wanted to blow up the Houses of Parliament on November 5, 1605. However, he was caught and hanged. On this day people burn jack-straws and light fireworks.

A popular annual Scottish event is the Edinburgh Festival of music and drama. A truly Welsh event is the Eisteddfod, a national festival of traditional poetry and music, with a competition for the best new poem in Welsh.


Задание 2. (максимальное количество баллов – 3 балла)

Составьте 10 вопросов к тексту из первого задания. Вопросы должны быть составлены на английском языке.
Ответ:

1. What are the best examples of their conservatism?

2. What nation is considered to be the most conservative in Europe?

3. What is the original name of Halloween?

4. What are the most popular English traditions?

5. What peculiarities of the English monetary system do you know?

6. When do the British burn Guy Fawkes in effigy?

7. What date do the British celebrate Halloween?

8.In Britain traditions play more important part ...don't they?

9. What are the costumes of the dancers at the Morris Dancing?

10. How many points are in a quart?

 

Задание 3. (максимальное количество баллов – 4 балла)

Составьте собственное высказывание на английском языке, не менее 10 предложений о культуре и традициях в России. Назовите основные праздники на территории РФ. Выскажите своё мнение, – какие Вам нравятся, какие нет и почему. Расскажите о своём любимом празднике, о том, как принято его праздновать в кругу Вашей семьи.
Ответ:

Like the whole world, Russian people love celebrating their holidays. Celebrations in Russia reflect many aspects of its history, culture and traditions. Some Russian festivities are official public holidays and government offices, schools and banks have their days off.  These are New Year, Orthodox Christmas, Defender of the Motherland Day, International Women’s Day, Spring and Labour Day, Victory Day, Russia Day, National Unity Day and Constitution Day.

The Russians usually celebrate holidays with plenty of food and presents. The most popular holiday is New Year’s Day. Russian people decorate fir-trees, cook delicious meals, make fireworks. All children wait for Father Frost and his granddaughter Snegurochka to get presents from them. On Christmas people visit their relatives and friends and tell fortunes.

Defender of the Motherland Day is also known as Men’s Day because all Russian men and boys, active servicemen and war veterans get warm greetings and special presents from their families, friends and colleagues. International Women’s Day has been celebrated in Russia since 1913 and it is the day for all mothers, sisters, wives, daughters and girlfriends.

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Victory Day is a sacred and dramatic holiday for Russia. The whole country commemorates millions of victims of the Great Patriotic war. Russia Day became a national holiday after the Declaration of Sovereignty was adopted in 1991.  

I like New Year's Day, it is my favourite holiday.Our family prepares for this holiday beforehand. My father buys and brings home a beautiful New Year's tree at the end of December. Our family has a tradition to buy it. I like to decorate the New Year's tree with toys, little coloured lights, sweets and a beautiful star on the top. My mother and grandmother prepare our holiday supper and lay the table. I make a cake. All the members of our family clean the flat before this nice holiday and then each of us try to dress well.

We like to see the New Year in at home with our relatives. They come to see us at 11 o'clock in the evening. At 12 o'clock we are sitting at the table and we are glad to see the New Year in. We say, "Best wishes for the New Year!". I hope that next year will be better than the last one.

The New Year's Day is always connected with our new hopes and dreams. It is a pleasant moment to get presents on the New Year's Eve. I usually get many nice useful things from my parents and relatives. My parents put their presents under the New Year's tree. We don't go to bed till morning, we watch TV, dance, eat tasty things and make jokes. I enjoythisholidayverymuch.

Задание 4. (максимальное количество баллов – 4 балла)

Прочитайте текст. Составьте расширенный план для пересказа (не менее 6 подпунктов) на английском языке.

                         

Housing in America/ДомавАмерике

 

Before 1800, the Midwest of America was Indian country. Then, the Europeans came.

They did not like to move around or live in tepees.  They were farmers and they wanted houses.

The first European Americans, the «pioneers», were tough people. They came to a hard country. The summers were hot, the winters were very cold. On the prairies, there were no trees and no stones. There was only earth. So the pioneers cut pieces of grass and earth and built houses with them.

These «sod houses» were very uncomfortable. The rain came in through the roof. Pieces of wet earth fell into food and onto the children’s beds. The pioneers worked hard on their farms to make money. With the money they built bigger, better farmhouses with wood. No Americans live in sod houses now.

It was easy in the Rocky Mountains because there were trees. The pioneers could cut them down and make small wooden houses, called «log cabins». Log cabins were warm and dry inside. The people were poor, but they tried to make their homes comfortable.

Pioneer women had no money, but they wanted nice covers for their beds. They could not buy them, so they cut up old clothes and sewed the pieces together. The beautiful  bedcovers they made are called «patchwork quilts». Many American women still keep their grandmothers’ patchwork quilts, and they like to make new ones with the old patterns.Nearly all the Americans live in towns or cities now. And you can’t be a pioneer in Philadelphia or Chicago. But some people try. They like to go to vacation homes in the mountains, miles away from the cities. A real 200-year-old log cabin is best, but there are lots of new ones too. There, you can put your gun up on the wall above the fireplace. You can listen to the wind outside. You can talk about the bears and rattlesnakes. For two or three weeks you can be a pioneer again.

The great historic places of the Old World are cities, castles, and gardens. But in the New World, some of the most interesting historic places are the roads. Americans remember the great journeys of their history in movies, stories, and pictures. Their grandparents crossed America on horses and in wagons.

But they don’t go in wagons now, of course. They go in mobile homes. Some mobile homes are pulled by the family car. Some, like Winnebagos, have a driver’s cab. Behind the cab there is a room with beds, a small kitchen, a table, a washing place.

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