Файл: А показателем 3его лица единственного числа глагола в Present Simple.docx
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ВАРИАНТ 3
I. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно :
а) показателем 3-его лица единственного числа глагола в Present Simple;
б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;
в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.
1. Electricity provides mankind with the energy of the future.
2. The aim of today’s foreign policy is that peace in the world should be permanent.
3. This poet’s parents died when he was only four years old.
4. He will ring me up as soon as he buys books for me.
II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.
1. Nowadays the principle of radio operation seems quite simple.
2. Scientists believe new laser devices will be widely used in medicine.
3. The information system coordinates a distribution network
III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.
1. That painting is less impressive than the one in your living room.
2. It is true that the most skyscrapers are taller than buildings in the UK, but the British think their stately homes are older and more beautiful than anything in the USA.
3. Einstein is one of the most intelligent scientists who ever lived.
4. The more automobiles appear in the streets, the worse the air in the cities is.
IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая особое внимание на перевод неопределенных местоимений.
1. Some specialists expect that a photon can greatly increase the operation of a computer.
2. Any museum in London is of great interest to us.
3. Tsarist Russia didn’t give any money for Tsiolkovsky’s research.
4. No student of this group was in Great Britain.
V. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (В) обратите внимание на особенности перевода пассивных конструкций.
А)1. In our climate the vine doesn’t grow out-of-doors, as it does in countries with a hotter summer, and hothouse grapes is very expensive.
2. I noticed a number of improvements done in this town since I last was there.
3. The students were having an interesting discussion when the teacher came in.
4. If I see the manager tomorrow, I shall remind him of that important point.
B)1. Many new and very interesting projects were planned for orbital stations.
2. The new exhibition of this artist is being visited actively.
3. This program will be broadcasted again tomorrow night.
VI. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или составной частью глагола - сказуемого; предложения переведите на русский язык.
1. The man delivering this lecture is our professor on mathematics.
2. A line seen through this crystal looks double.
3. He saw some people in the post-office sending telegrams.
4. Driving a car a man tries to keep steady speed and watch the car in front of him.
VII. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. If you borrow money from the bank you must pay interest.
2. It is quite clear to everybody in his family that he should start getting ready for his examinations.
3. He will have to work systematically if he wants to know French well.
4. Not long ago chemists developed new materials that could withstand high temperatures.
5. Children were allowed to go to the cinema alone.
6. You must have a dictionary when you translate such difficult articles.
VIII. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык.
GREAT BRITAIN
The official name of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The total area is about 121 600 square miles. The largest islands are Great Britain proper (England, Scotland and Wales) and Ireland (Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic). Britain is separated from the continent by the English Channel which in its narrowest part is only 33 km wide. Britain has a generally mild and temperate climate. All over the world Britain was notorious for its fogs. The smoke-fogs of the big towns usually in winter time, were exceedingly unpleasant, unhealthy and dangerous to movement, but now the situation is much better.
The United Kingdom is a monarchy. The Monarchy is the most ancient secular institution in the United Kingdom. Queen Elisabeth II is a descendant of the Saxon king, Egbert. She acts only on the advice of her ministers. She reigns, but she does not rule. The Crown is the second biggest landowner in Britain. The Queen is the third richest woman in the world. Parliament is the supreme legislative authority in the United Kingdom. It consists of the House of Lords and the House of Commons. They are constituted on different principles, do different work in different places and meet only on occasions of symbolic significance such as the coronation and the opening of Parliament.
English people tend to be rather conservative - a little more so, perhaps, than most others. The conservative attitude consists of an acceptance of things which are familiar, and an important aspect of it is an inclination to be suspicious of anything that is strange or foreign. Conservatism on a national scale may be illustrated by reference to the public attitude to the monarchy. Apart from conservatism on a grand scale England is full of small-scale conservatisms: methods of cooking, the business of heating houses in which most English people remain strongly attached to the open fire.
England is highly industrialized and was the country in which the earliest developments of modern industry took place. Many of the great inventions which were the foundation of modern industrial processes are made by Englishmen or Scotsmen. The original basis of British industry was coal mining. Nearly all English people live in towns, big or small.
