Файл: the first medical aid.docx

боли в желудке; большое количество кипяченой воды; быстрое облегчение; постоянная тошнота; постельный режим.

To examine a family of 3 people; about half an hour before the onset of the disease;

not quite fresh; severe stomach pains; a large amount of boiled water; rapid relief; constant nausea; bed rest.

Ex 3. Answer the questions:

1. 
   What happened to the family of three persons? Two patients were put to bed and given some medicine. The third patient was taken to the hospital in an ambulance
   
2. 
   Had they eaten some food which was not fresh? had eaten some food which was evidentlynot quite fresh
   
3. 
   What did they complain of? All the members of the family became nauseated; they vomited and had violentpains in the stomach
   
4. 
   Why did they obtain immediate relief? Hot-water bags were applied to their fee
   
5. 
   What did the third patient use to become healthy again? A strict diet, bed regime and a proper therapy helped the patient and in a week he was discharged from the hospital in a good condition
   

7. When was the third patient discharged? In a week he was discharged from the hospital in a good condition.
Ex 4. Fill in the missing words

1. 
   A doctor was…to see a family. want invited
   
2. 
   The family became…
   

nauseated

3. 
   Two patients were… and given some medicine. were put in to bed
   
4. 
   The third patient was… in an ambulance. taken to the hospital
   
5. 
   In a week he was… from the hospital in a good condition. discharged
   

Read and retell the text

Stomach pains vomiting and diarrhea can have many different causes, including food poisoning and viral infections, so it is important to see your doctor if the symptoms persist. Vomiting and diarrhea are common in young children and are often caused by gastroenteritis, a viral infection of the bowel or other infections. Food poisoning often results from eating food contaminated by bacteria. Bacteria can breed

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in foods, such as fish, chicken, ham and dairy products that are not properly handled. Food should always be well cooked and eaten immediately or refrigerated as soon as it is bought. If food is reheated always bring it to boiling point. Food poisoning can also result from naturally occurring toxins in some plants and fish.

Vomiting and diarrhea can cause dehydration – loss of the fluids required for the normal functioning of the body particularly in babies and small children, so it is important that sufferers drink lots of fluid.

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Burns

Learn the following words: burn – ожёг

damage – повреждение

severity – степень тяжести painful – болезненный swell – припухлый

scarring – рубцевание blister – пузырь

leak – протекать wet – влажный

patchy – неоднородный char – обугленный waxy – восковый despite – не смотря на prone – склонный

grafts – пересадка ткани


A burn is damage to the skin or underlying tissue usually caused by heat, but also by chemicals, electricity, or radiation such as with sunburn. There are 3 levels of severity: first, second, and third.

First Degree Burns

A first degree burn damages only the top layer of skin. The skin is red, dry, and painful. The area may swell. These types of burns heal within 5 or 6 days without permanent scarring.

Second Degree Burns

A second degree burn damages both layers of skin: the epidermis and the dermis. Heat, very severe sunburn, and some chemicals can cause this type of burn. The skin is

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red and has blisters that may open and leak clear fluids making the skin appear wet. The burned skin may look patchy and is usually feels painful. This type of burn heals in 3 or 5 weeks with some scarring possible.

Third Degree Burns

A third degree burn destroys both layers of skin as well as any or all of the underlying structures including nerves, blood vessels, fat, muscles, and bones. Severe heat, fire, and electricity such as lightning can cause this kind of burn. These burns look either charred or waxy white. They are usually painless because the nerve endings in the skin have been destroyed. Despite the lack of pain, these kinds of burns are prone to infection and can be life threatening. Treatment often involves skin grafts.

Ожог - это повреждение кожи или подлежащих тканей, обычно вызываемое высокой температурой, но также химическими веществами, электричеством или радиацией, например, при солнечном ожоге. Существует 3 уровня серьезности: первый, второй и третий.

Ожоги первой степени

Ожог первой степени повреждает только верхний слой кожи. Кожа красная, сухая и болезненная. Область может опухнуть. Эти типы ожогов заживают в течение 5-6 дней без образования постоянных рубцов.

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Ожоги второй степени

Ожог второй степени повреждает оба слоя кожи: эпидермис и дерму. Высокая температура, очень сильный солнечный ожог и некоторые химические вещества могут вызвать этот тип ожога. Кожа красная и покрыта волдырями, которые могут открываться и вытекать прозрачные жидкости, из-за чего кожа кажется влажной. Обожженная кожа может выглядеть пятнистой и обычно ощущается болезненно. Этот тип ожога заживает через 3 или 5 недель с возможным образованием некоторых рубцов.

Ожоги третьей степени

Ожог третьей степени разрушает оба слоя кожи, а также любые или все нижележащие структуры, включая нервы, кровеносные сосуды, жир, мышцы и кости. Сильная жара, огонь и электричество, такие как молния, могут вызвать такой вид ожога. Эти ожоги выглядят либо обугленными, либо восково-белыми. Они обычно безболезненны, потому что нервные окончания в коже были разрушены. Несмотря на отсутствие боли, эти виды ожогов подвержены инфекции и могут быть опасны для жизни. Лечение часто включает пересадку кожи.

Ex 1. Translate the following words and word combinations from Russian into English:

Тепло, химические вещества, электричество, радиация, повреждение, боль, солнечный ожёг, слой кожи, пузыри, влажный, жидкость, лечение, инфекция, нервные окончания, безболезненный, пересадка ткани.

Heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, damage, pain, sunburn, skin layer, blisters, wet, liquid, treatment, infection, nerve endings, painless, tissue transplant.
Ex 2. Give the title for each logical part using the key-words:

1. 
   … burn damages both layers of skin: the epidermis and the dermis. The skin is red and has blisters that may open and leak clear fluids making the skin appear wet. The burned skin may look patchy and is usually feels painful.
   
2. 
   … damages only the top layer of skin. The skin is red, dry, and painful. The area may swell.
   
3. 
   … destroys both layers of skin as well as any or all of the underlying structures i.e. nerves, blood vessels, fat, muscles, and bones.
   

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