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Ex. 15. Fill in the box. List the ships according to different classifica-
tions:
Types of classification | Ships, boats, vessels, materials, etc. | |
the number of hulls | | |
the shape and size | plastic | |
the building material used | | |
the epoch in which the vessel was used | | |
the geographic origin of the vessel | | |
the destination of the ships | | |
non-self-propelled vessels | | |
self-propelled vessels | | |
rowing vessels | submarine | |
underwater vessels | | |
diving vessels | | |
half-plunged vessels | | |
displacement type vessels | | |
gliding vessels | | |
hydrofoil vessels | | |
air-cushion vessels | | |
dynamic air-cushion vessels | | |
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Ex. 16. Speak on the following items:
-
different types of ships’ classifica-tions; -
classification by drive;
-
classification by placing of the hull;
-
classification based on propulsion.
Ex. 17. Summarize the information from the Unit and make a report on any type of classification you’ve chosen.
Unit 8. COMMERCIAL VESSELS
Ex. 1. Active Vocabulary. Read and learn words and word-combinations:
dry cargo – сухой груз
liquid – жидкий
in bulk – навалом
general cargo – генеральный груз break-bulk ship – судно для пере-возки генерального груза intermodal – интермодальный ( под-ходящий для перевозки любым ви-дом транспорта)
to roll – катать
to roll on – вкатывать to roll off – выкатывать oil – нефть, масло
LNG (Liquid Natural Gas) tanker – судно для перевозки сжиженных природных газов
to range – ранжировать, классифи-цировать
vehicle – транспортное средство leisure – досуг
tugboat – буксирный катер
pilot boat – лоцманский катер cable ship – кабельное судно survey craft – гидрографическое судно
crew – экипаж, команда
pump-jet engine – водометный дви-житель
perishable cargo – скоропортящийся груз
to demand – требовать
multi-purpose vessel – универсальное, многоцелевое судно
luggage = baggage – багаж maintenance – уход, эксплуатация to store – складировать, хранить fast = high-speed vessel – быстро-ходное судно
flight – рейс
cruise – круиз
to move – двигать(ся)
to move through – перебросить clean tanker – танкер для перевозки очищенной нефти
dirty tanker – танкер для перевозки темных нефтепродуктов
fuel – топливо
lubricating oil – смазочное масло petrol – бензин
petroleum – нефть paraffin – керосин pump – насос; качать
cruising speed – крейсерская ско-рость
trial speed – скорость на испытаниях loaded speed – скорость в грузу
47
foodstuffs – продовольствие
to intend (for) – предназначать(ся) refrigerator ship – рефрижераторное судно
service speed – эксплуатационная скорость
ship-handling – управление кораблем
Ex. 2. Give Russian equivalents to the English ones:
atomic (heavy, liquid, solid, uranium) fuel − __________________________
service (cruising, trial, engine, free running, full, high) speed − ________ at full speed − ___________________
a speedy boat − __________________
at a speed of 30 knots − ___________ air (cargo, cargo-oil, clean ballast, deck, fresh water, salt water, oil, petro-leum) pump − ___________________ pumproom − ____________________
is known as a speedy ship − ________
oil − __________________________
fuel oil − _______________________
oil engine − _____________________
engine oil − _____________________
diesel oil − _____________________
lubricating oil − _________________
tank − _________________________ ballast (cargo, fuel, cargo-fuel, clean fuel oil, deep, diesel fuel) tank − ____
to keep air clean (a port open during the winter) − ____________________ to know the speed (the distance) − ___
Ex. 3. Listen and repeat after the lecturer:
-
A clean tanker carries petrol and paraffin. -
A dirty tanker carries heavy fuel, oil and lubricating oil. -
Longitudinal bulkheads run fore and aft and divide the hull into long
spaces.
-
Transverse bulkheads run from side to side and form tanks. -
Oil is moved into tanks and out of them by pumps. -
Pumps also keep air clean.
Ex. 4. Guess the meaning of the international words:
machinery | | maximum | | decade | | reverse | |
| | | | ||||
forward | | designer | | instruction | | engineer | |
steel | | generator | | model | | spectrum | |
parallel | | combine | | regularly | | passenger | |
centre | | boiler | | product | | filler | |
tank | | radiator | | capital | | ton | |
individual | | tonnage | | ventilation | | tanker | |
Ex. 5. State the parts of speech of the following groups of words and translate them. Use a dictionary if necessary.
48
Oil – to oil – oil -bearing – oilcake – oilcan – oilcar – oilcloth – oilcoat – oilcolour – oil-derrick – oiled – oiler – oilfield – oil- filler – oilfuel – oilhole – oilman – oil-paper – oilplant – oil-producing – oilskin – oily;
fuel – fuelling – to fuel – fueled;
speed – to speed – speedball – speedboat – speeder – speedily – speeding
-
speedometer – speedster – speedway – speedy;
pump – to pump – pump-handle – pumpkin – pumproom – pumping; move – to move – movable – moveless – movement – mover – movie –
moviegoer – moviehouse.
Ex. 6. Find pairs of words with the same meaning:
1) | commercial | | a) | operation | | | | 1) | to carry | | a) | to set (put) in motion | |
| | | | | |||||||||
2) | ship | | b) | marine | | | | 2) | to have | | b) | task | |
3) | activity | | c) | baggage | | | | 3) | to perform | | c) | to specialize | |
4) | foodstuffs | | d) | vessel | | | | 4) | to drive | | d) | to fulfill | |
5) | luggage | | e) | automobile | | | | 5) | to power | | e) | in great quantity | |
6) | vehicle | | f) | machine | | | | 6) | to specify | | f) | to differ | |
7) | technics | | g) | voyage | | | | 7) | to range | | g) | individual | |
8) | sea (adj.) | | h) | merchant | | | | 8) | in bulk | | h) | to posses | |
9) | flight | | i) | cruise | | | | 9) | purpose | | i) | to transport | |
10) trip | | j) | kind | | | | 10) person | | j) | to propel | | ||
11) type | | k) | provision | | | | | | | | | |
Ex. 7. Translate the word-combinations from English into Russian:
as – в качестве, как | | | | ||||||
to be designed as a passenger ship − __ | | to work as a captain − ____________ | | ||||||
| | ||||||||
to be known as a good pilot − _______ | | to sail as passengers − ____________ | | ||||||
as already pointed out − ___________ | | as shown in Fig. 24 − _____________ | | ||||||
as it was provided earlier − ________ | | as it will be said below − __________ | | ||||||
as well as – так же, как (и) | | cargo pump as well as ballast pump − | | ||||||
derricks as well as cranes − _______ | | | | | | ||||
| | | | ||||||
transverse as well as longitudinal | | | | _____________________________ | | ||||
bulkheads − ___________________ | | | | | pump as well as generating sets − ____ | | |||
length as well as breadth and depth − | | | | _____________________________ | | ||||
____________________________ | | | | | paraffin as well as petrol − _________ | | |||
as many as – целых | | | | ||||||
as many as three years − ___________ | | | as many as 10 bulkheads − _________ | | |||||
| | | |||||||
as many as 5 days − ______________ | | | as many as 100 − _________________ | | |||||
as many as 3 pumps − _____________ | | | as many as 40 knots − _____________ | |