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Ex. 15. Fill in the box. List the ships according to different classifica-
tions:


Types of classification

Ships, boats, vessels, materials, etc.




the number of hulls







the shape and size

plastic




the building material used




the epoch in which the vessel was used







the geographic origin of the vessel







the destination of the ships







non-self-propelled vessels







self-propelled vessels







rowing vessels

submarine




underwater vessels




diving vessels







half-plunged vessels







displacement type vessels







gliding vessels







hydrofoil vessels







air-cushion vessels







dynamic air-cushion vessels











46

Ex. 16. Speak on the following items:




  • different types of ships’ classifica-tions;

  • classification by drive;



  • classification by placing of the hull;




    • classification based on propulsion.





Ex. 17. Summarize the information from the Unit and make a report on any type of classification you’ve chosen.


Unit 8. COMMERCIAL VESSELS
Ex. 1. Active Vocabulary. Read and learn words and word-combinations:


dry cargo – сухой груз

liquid – жидкий
in bulk – навалом

general cargo – генеральный груз break-bulk ship – судно для пере-возки генерального груза intermodal – интермодальный ( под-ходящий для перевозки любым ви-дом транспорта)

to roll – катать

to roll on – вкатывать to roll off – выкатывать oil – нефть, масло

LNG (Liquid Natural Gas) tanker – судно для перевозки сжиженных природных газов

to range – ранжировать, классифи-цировать
vehicle – транспортное средство leisure – досуг
tugboat – буксирный катер

pilot boat – лоцманский катер cable ship – кабельное судно survey craft – гидрографическое судно

crew – экипаж, команда

pump-jet engine – водометный дви-житель

perishable cargo – скоропортящийся груз
to demand – требовать

multi-purpose vessel – универсальное, многоцелевое судно

luggage = baggage – багаж maintenance – уход, эксплуатация to store – складировать, хранить fast = high-speed vessel – быстро-ходное судно
flight – рейс

cruise – круиз

to move – двигать(ся)

to move through – перебросить clean tanker – танкер для перевозки очищенной нефти

dirty tanker – танкер для перевозки темных нефтепродуктов

fuel – топливо

lubricating oil – смазочное масло petrol – бензин

petroleum – нефть paraffin – керосин pump – насос; качать
cruising speed – крейсерская ско-рость

trial speed – скорость на испытаниях loaded speed – скорость в грузу



47

foodstuffs – продовольствие
to intend (for) – предназначать(ся) refrigerator ship – рефрижераторное судно
service speed – эксплуатационная скорость
ship-handling – управление кораблем



Ex. 2. Give Russian equivalents to the English ones:


atomic (heavy, liquid, solid, uranium) fuel − __________________________
service (cruising, trial, engine, free running, full, high) speed − ________ at full speed − ___________________
a speedy boat − __________________
at a speed of 30 knots − ___________ air (cargo, cargo-oil, clean ballast, deck, fresh water, salt water, oil, petro-leum) pump − ___________________ pumproom − ____________________
is known as a speedy ship − ________

oil − __________________________
fuel oil − _______________________

oil engine − _____________________

engine oil − _____________________

diesel oil − _____________________

lubricating oil − _________________
tank − _________________________ ballast (cargo, fuel, cargo-fuel, clean fuel oil, deep, diesel fuel) tank − ____
to keep air clean (a port open during the winter) − ____________________ to know the speed (the distance) − ___




Ex. 3. Listen and repeat after the lecturer:


  1. A clean tanker carries petrol and paraffin.

  2. A dirty tanker carries heavy fuel, oil and lubricating oil.

  3. Longitudinal bulkheads run fore and aft and divide the hull into long

spaces.

  1. Transverse bulkheads run from side to side and form tanks.

  2. Oil is moved into tanks and out of them by pumps.

  3. Pumps also keep air clean.


Ex. 4. Guess the meaning of the international words:


machinery




maximum




decade




reverse
















forward




designer




instruction




engineer




steel




generator




model




spectrum




parallel




combine




regularly




passenger




centre




boiler




product




filler




tank




radiator




capital




ton




individual




tonnage




ventilation




tanker





Ex. 5. State the parts of speech of the following groups of words and translate them. Use a dictionary if necessary.



48

Oil – to oil – oil -bearing – oilcake – oilcan – oilcar – oilcloth – oilcoat – oilcolour – oil-derrick – oiled – oiler – oilfield – oil- filler – oilfuel – oilhole – oilman – oil-paper – oilplant – oil-producing – oilskin – oily;

fuel – fuelling – to fuel – fueled;


speed – to speed – speedball – speedboat – speeder – speedily – speeding

  • speedometer – speedster – speedway – speedy;


pump – to pump – pump-handle – pumpkin – pumproom – pumping; move – to move – movable – moveless – movement – mover – movie –
moviegoer – moviehouse.
Ex. 6. Find pairs of words with the same meaning:


1)

commercial




a)

operation










1)

to carry




a)

to set (put) in motion



















2)

ship




b)

marine










2)

to have




b)

task




3)

activity




c)

baggage










3)

to perform




c)

to specialize




4)

foodstuffs




d)

vessel










4)

to drive




d)

to fulfill




5)

luggage




e)

automobile










5)

to power




e)

in great quantity




6)

vehicle




f)

machine










6)

to specify




f)

to differ




7)

technics




g)

voyage










7)

to range




g)

individual




8)

sea (adj.)




h)

merchant










8)

in bulk




h)

to posses




9)

flight




i)

cruise










9)

purpose




i)

to transport




10) trip




j)

kind










10) person




j)

to propel




11) type




k)

provision






























Ex. 7. Translate the word-combinations from English into Russian:


as – в качестве, как










to be designed as a passenger ship − __




to work as a captain − ____________










to be known as a good pilot − _______




to sail as passengers − ____________




as already pointed out − ___________




as shown in Fig. 24 − _____________




as it was provided earlier − ________




as it will be said below − __________




as well as – так же, как (и)




cargo pump as well as ballast pump −




derricks as well as cranes − _______




























transverse as well as longitudinal










_____________________________




bulkheads − ___________________













pump as well as generating sets − ____




length as well as breadth and depth −










_____________________________




____________________________













paraffin as well as petrol − _________




as many as – целых










as many as three years − ___________







as many as 10 bulkheads − _________













as many as 5 days − ______________







as many as 100 − _________________




as many as 3 pumps − _____________







as many as 40 knots − _____________