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8.

Greene,

T. W., «Evaluation

of Effect of Residual Stresses», Welding

Journal,

28: 5

(1949), Res. Suppl., p.

193-s.

9.Wilson, W. M. and С. C. Hao, «Residual Stresses in Welded Structu­ res», U. of 111. Engrg. Expt. Sta. Bull. No. 361, 1946.

10.Videon, F. F., F. W. Barton, and W. J. Hall, «Brittle Fracture Propa­

gation Studies», Ship Structure Committee Report No. SSC-148, 1963.

11.Wells, A. A., «Brittle Fracture Strength of Welded Steel Plates», British Welding Journal, 8: 5 (1961), p. 259.

12.Wells, A. A., «Brittle Fracture Strengths of Welded and Notched 3 in.

Thick Steel Plates», British Welding Journal, 8: 8 (1961), p. 389.

13. Wakefield, B. A. and A. A. Wells, «Further Brittle Fracture Tests of Welded and Notched 3 in. Thick Steel Plates», British Welding Journal, 9: 1 (1962), p. 29.

14. Boyd, G. M, «Metallurgical Concomitants», British Welding Journal,

8:7 (1961), p. 343.

15.Burdekin, F. M. and A. A. Wells. Special Report, West of Scotland Iron and Steel Institute, 1964, p. 74.

16. Wells, A. A.

and F. M.

Burdekin, «Effects

of Thermal

Stress

Relief

and Stress Relieving

Conditions

on the Fracture of

Notched and

Welded

Wide

Plates», British Welding Journal, 10: 5 (1963), p. 270.

17.Wells, A. A., «The Brittle Fracture Strength of Welded Steel Plates»,

Trans. Royal Inst. Naval Arch., 98 (1956), p. 296.

18.Kihara, H„ K. Masubuchi, K. Iida, and H. Oba, «Effect of Stress Reli­ eving on Brittle Fracture Strength of Welded Steel Plate», IIW Document X-21859.

19.Bevitt, E., and A. L. Stott, «Fast Fracture of Pressure Vessels», United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority TRG Report 477(C), 1963.

20.

Kennedy, R., «The Influence of Stress-Relieving

on the

Initiation

of

Brittle

Fracture in Welded Plate

Specimens»,

British Welding

Journal,

4:

11

(1957), p. 529.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

21. Tummers, G. E., «Comparison of Stress Relieving Methods». IIW Do­

cument

X-318-63\ see also Documents X-229-59, X-244-,

249-,

and 251-60,

and

X-273-61 [British Welding Journal,

10: 6 (1963), p. 292].

 

«Ап Anisother-

22.

Roberts, D. F. T., M. H.

D. Blore, and

W. F. Ridgway,

mal Tensile Stress Relaxation Apparatus», Paper 63, Joint International Con­ ference on Creep, ASME, ASTM, Inst. Mech. Eng., 1963.

23.Lagasse, P. E. and J. Plateau, «Influence d’une Déformalion Préalable sur la Rupture Fragile», IIW Document IX-328-62.

24.Wells, A. A. and F. M. Burdekin, «Local Heat Treatment for Welded

Plate Structures», BWRA Bulletin, September and November, 1962.

25.Timoshenko, S., Theory of Elasticity, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1934.

26.Cotterell, B., «Stress Relief of Butt Welds in Rectangular Plates by Local Heating», British Welding Journal, 8: 10 (1961), p. 485.

27. Rose, R. T„ «Stresses in Cylindrical Vessels Due

to Local

Heating

Stress Relief of Circumferential Welds», British Welding

Journal, 7: 1

(1960),

p. 19; also Cotterell, B., «Local Heat Treatment of Spherical Vessels», British Welding Journal, 10: 3 (1963), p. 91.

Кглаве 6

1.Griffith, A. A., «The Phenomena of Rupture and Flow in Solids», Phil.

Trans. Roy. Soc., London, Series A,

221 (1921),

163.

a so Kerbspan­

2.

Neuber, H., Zeit, angew. Math. Mech.,

13 (1933), 439;

nungslehre, Springer, Berlin, 1958.

 

Research, 193:

151

(1939).

 

3.

Weibull, W., Proc. Roy. Swedish Inst.

40A

4.

Irwin, G. R., «Fracture Dynamics», Trans. Amer. Soc.

Metals,

(1948),

147.

 

 

12 (1949),

185,

5.

Orowan, E., «Progress in Physics», Phys. Soc. London,

6.

Uccelli, A., et al., Leonardo

da Vinci,

New York: Reynal

& Company,

Inc., 1956.

306


7. Inglis, C. E., «Stresses in а Plate Due to Presence of Cracks and Sharp Corners», Trans. Inst. Naval Arch. London, 55 (1913), Part 1, 219.

8.Westergaard, H. M., «Bearing Pressures and Cracks», !. Appl. Mech., ASME, 61 (1939), A.49.

9.Irwin, G. R., «Fracture», Handbuch der Physik, Springer, VI (1958), 551.

10.Irwin, G. R., «Relation of Stresses near a Crack to the Crack Extension Force», lXth Int. Cong. Appl. Mech., Brussels, Paper 101(2), 1956.

11. Anon., «Fracture Testing of High Strength Sheet Materials»,

First re­

port of a special ASTM Committee, ASTM Bulletin, No. 243 (January,

1960), 29.

12.Irwin, G. R., «Analysis of Stresses and Strains near the End of a Crack Traversing a Plate», J. Appl. Mech., 24: 3 (1957), 361.

13.Winne, D. H. and В. M. Wundt, «Application of the Griffith-Irwin Theory of Crack Propagation to the Bursting Behavior of Disks, Including Analytical and Experimental Studies», Trans. ASME, 80: 8 (November, 1958), 1643.

14.Sneddon, I. N., «The Distribution of Stress in the Neighborhood of a

Crack in an Elastic Solid», Proc. Roy. Soc., London, 187 (1946), p. 229.

15.Irwin, G. R., «Closure—Crack-Extension Force for a Part-through Crack in a Plate», I. Appl. Mech., 85 (1963), p. 476.

16.Wundt, В. M., «A Unified Interpretation of Room Temperature Strength of Notched Specimens as Influenced by Their Size», ASME Metals Engineering

Conference, Paper 59-Met-9, April, 1959.

17.Irwin, G. R., «Crack-Extension Force for a Crack and the Free Surface Boundary», Naval Res. Lab. Report 5120, April, 1958.

18.McClintock, F. A. and J. A. H. Hult, IXth Int. Cong. Appl. Mech.,

Brussels,

1956.

 

 

 

 

19. Brossman, M. W. and G. R. Irwin, Naval Res. Lab. Progress Report,

December,

1955.

 

Cleavage and

Fast

20.

Wells,

A. A.,- «Unstable Crack Propagation in Metals:

Fracture»,

Proc. Cranfield Symposium on Crack Propagation,

1 (1961), 210

 

21.

Srawley, J. E. and C. D. Beachem, «Fracture of High-Strength Sheet

Steel Specimens Containing Small Cracks», ASTM Special Technical Publica­

tion No. 302 (1962), 69.

 

 

1

22.

Krafft, J. M. and A. M. Sullivan, «Effects of Speed and Temperature on

Crack

Toughness and Yield Strength in Mild

Steel», Naval Res. Lab. Report

No. 5776, April,

1962.

 

 

 

23. Boyle, R. W., A. M. Sullivan, and J. M. Krafft, «Determination of Plane

Strain

Fracture

Toughness», Welding Journal,

41: 9 (1962), Res. Suppl., 428-s.

24.Weibull, W., Proc. Roy. Swedish Inst. Engrg. Research, 193: 151 (1939).

25.Hendrickson, J. A., D. S. Wood, and D. S. Clark, «The Initiation of

Brittle Fracture in Mild Steel», Trans. Am. Soc. Metals, 50 (1958), 656.

26.Robertson, T. S., «Brittle Fracture of Mild Steel», Engineering, 172: 4471 (1951), p. 445.

27.Wells, A. A. and D. Post, «The Dynamic Stress Distribution Surrounding a Running Crack—A Photoelastic Analysis», Proc. Soc. Exp. Stress Analysis, XVI: 1 (1958), 69.

28. Joffe, E. H„ «The Moving Griffith Crack», Phil. Mag., 42 (1951), 739. 29. Akita, Y. and K. Ikeda, «Theoretical Research on the Propagation of

Brittle Fracture», Transportation Tech. Res. Inst., Japan, Report No. 37, Sep­ tember, 1959.

30.Broberg, К. B., «The Propagation of a Brittle Crack», Arkiv. für FysiA,

18:10 (I960), 159.

31.Crussard, C., Report P3, Proc. Admiralty Brittle Fracture Conference,

London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office (1959), 174.

32. Akita, Y. and K. Ikeda, «Theory of Brittle Crack Initation and Propa­

gation—A

Theoretical

Analysis

of Esso Test»,

Welding Journal,

40: 3 (1961),

138-s.

 

 

 

 

 

 

33. Akita, Y. and K. Ikeda,

«On Brittle

Crack Propagation

and A rrest-

Theoretical

and Experimental

Analyses of

Esso Test with Temperature Gra­

dient», Transportation

Tech. Res. Inst., Japan,

Report No. 56, December, 1962.

20*

307


34.Wells, A. A., «The Brittle Fracture Strength of Welded Steel Plates»,

Trans. Royi Inst. Naval Arch., 98 (1956), 296.

35.Masubuchi, K., «Dislocation and Strain Energy Release during Crack Propagation in Residual Stress Field», Transportation Tech. Res. Inst., Japan,

Report No. 29, 1958.

36.Wells, A. A., «Notched Bar Tests, Fracture Mechanics and the Brittle

Strengths of Welded Structures», British Welding Journal, 12: 1 (1965).

37. Research Committee for Iron and Steel, «Studies on the Establishment of Criteria for Steel Qualification to Prevent Welded Structure from Brittle Fracture», Japan Welding Engrg. Soc., 1963.

38.Burdekin, F. M. and D. E. W. Stone, 1. Strain Analysis, 1: 2 (1966), 145.

39.Bilby, В: A., A. H. Cottrell, and К. H. Swinden, «The Spread of Plastic Yield from a Notch», Proc. Roy. Soc., A, 272, (1963), p. 304.

40.Smith, E., «The Spread of Plasticity from a Crack», Central Electricity Generating Board Lab. Note No. RD/L/M/31/62, 1962.

41. Knott,

J. F.

and A.

H. Cottrell, «Notch Brittleness in Mild Steel»,

J. Iron and Steel Inst., 201

(1963), 249.

42. Wells,

A. A.,

«Application of Fracture Mechanics At and Beyond Gene­

ral Yielding»,

British

Welding Journal, 10: 11 (1963), 563.

43.Kochendörfer, A., «The Embrittlement Temperature at an Inhomogeneous Stress State», Max-Planck Institut, Düsseldorf, to be published.

44.Wells, A. A., «The Application of Fracture Mechanics to Yielding Ma­ terials», Proc. Roy. Soc., A, 285 (1965), p. 34.

45.

Knott, J. F„ Proc. Roy. Soc., A, 285

(1965), p.

150.

46.

Cotterell, B., «Fracture Toughness and the

Charpy V-Notch Impact

Test», British Welding Journal, 9: 2 (1962),

83.

 

47.Green, A. P. and В. B. Hundy, «Initial Plastic Yielding in Notch Bend Tests», J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 4 (1956), 128.

48.Wells, A. A., «Welded Ferritic Steel Construction for Intermediate

Low-Temperature Service»,

ASTM

Special

Technical

Publication

No. 302

(1962),

21.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

49. Orner, G. M. and С. E. Hartbower, «Precracked Charpy Fracture Tough­

ness Correlation» ASTM Fracture Toughness

Testing

Symposium,

Chicago,

1964.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

К

главе

7

 

 

 

 

 

1. Robertson, T. S., «Propagation of

Brittle

Fracture in

Steel»,

J. Iron

and Steel Inst., 175 (December, 1953), 361.

Steel, «Studies on the Establishment

2. Research Committee for Iron and

of Criteria for Steel Qualification to Prevent

Welded Structure from

Brittle

Fracture», Japan Welding Engrg. Soc., 1963.

 

Fracture

and Irradiation

3. Nichols, R. W. and D. R. Harries,

«Brittle

Effects

in Ferritic Pressure

Vessel Steels»,

ASTM

Special Tech. Publ. No. 341,

p.162, 1963.

4.Yoshiki, M. and T. Kanazawa, «On the Mechanism of Propagation of

Brittle Fracture in Mild Steel»,

J. Soc. Naval Arch. Japan,

102

(February,

1958),

39.

 

 

 

 

 

 

5. Yoshiki, M., T. Kanazawa, and S. Machida, «А Consideration of Brittle

Fracture Test of Steel Plates», J. Soc. Naval Arch. Japan,

113

(June,

1963), 125.

6. Feely, F. J., Jr., M. S. Northup, S. R. Kleppe, and M. Gensamer, «Studies

on the Brittle Failure of Tankage Steel Plates», Welding Journal,

34:

12 (1955),

Res. Suppl., p. 596-s.

«Experimental Research

on

the

Propagation

7. Akita, Y. and K. Ikeda,

of Brittle Fracture (First Report—Metsurements

of crack speed,

dynamical

stress

and estimation of plastic

surface energy», J.

Soc. Naval

Arch.

Japan, 106

(January, 1960), 201.

8. Akita, Y. and K. Ikeda, «Theory of Brittle Crack Initiation and Propaga­

tion—A Theoretical Analysis of Esso Test»,

Welding Journal,

40: 3 (1961), Res.

Suppl., p. 138-s.; also J. Soc. Naval Arch.

Japan, 107 (July,

1960), 287.

308


9.Akita, Y. and K. Ikeda, «On Brittle Crack Propagation and Arrest— Theoretical and Experimental Analyses of Esso Test with Temperature Gra­ dient», IIW Doc. JX-364-63-, also J. Soc. Naval Japan, 112 (December, 1962», 153.

10.Kihara, H., N. Ogura, T. Maeda, and T. Matsuoka, «Brittle Crack Pro­

pagation Test by

Large

Tension

Specimens with Pressed and Aged

Notches»,

J. Soc. Naval Arch. Japan,

108 (December, 1960), 395.

 

Crack

Arrestors»,

11. Mosborg,

R. J.,

«Behavior of Riveted and Welded

Ship Structure Committee

Report

SSC-122, August, 1960; also Mosborg,

R. J.,

W. J. Hall, and W. H. Munse, «Arrest of Brittle Fractures in Wide Steel Plates»,

Welding Journal,

36:9

(1957),

Res. Suppl.,

p. 393-s;

Mosborg, R. J.,

«Ап

Investigation

of Welded

Crack Arrestors», Welding Journal,

39: 1 (1960), Res.

Suppl., p. 40-s.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12. Rolfe, S. T., W. J. Hall, and N. M. Newmark, «Brittle Fracture Tests of

Steel Plates

Containing

Residual

Compressive

Strain»,

Welding Journal,

38: 4

(1959), Res.

Suppl., p.

169-s; also Ship Structure Committee

Report

SSC-117.

13.Kihara, H., T. Kusuda, K. Iida, T. Maeda, and T. Matsuoka, «Effect of Residual Stresses on the Behavior of Brittle Fracture Propagation», IIW Doc. X-263-61.

14.Soete, W., «Brittle Fractures in Mild Steel Structures», Brussels: Belgian Welding Institute, 1958.

15.Hebrant, F., H. Louis, W. Soete, and A. Vinckier, «Résultats de Quelques

Essais de Rupture

Fragile Considérés du Point de

Vue

du

Constructeur»,

Revue de la Soudure, No. 1, 1957.

Fractures

in

Welded-

16. Vinckier, A., «Spontaneously Induced Brittle

Steel Disks», Welding Journal, 38: (1959), Res. Suppl., p. 354-s.

 

 

17. Kanazawa, T., S. Machida, and M. Matoba, «Some Considerations on

Brittle Crack Arrester for Welded Steel Structure

(First

Report)»,

J. Soc.

Naval Arch. Japan,

115 (1964).

 

 

 

 

18.Griffith, A. A., «The Phenomena of Rupture and Flow in Solid», Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., 221 (1920), p. 163.

19.Orowan, E., «Fundamentals of Brittle Behavior in Metals», Fatigue and Fracture of Metals, Tech. Press of MIT and John Wiley & Sons. Inc., New York, '1950, 139.

20.Irwin, G. R., «Fracture», Hrtndbuch der Physik, Band VI, Springer, 1958.

21.Ogura, N., «A Study on the Ductile Arrest of Brittle Crack», J. Soc. Naval Arch. Japan, 110 (December, 1961), 443.

22.Koshiga, F., O. Imazawa, and S. Takehana, «Arrest-Transition of Brittle

Crack in Steel Plate», J. Soc. Naval Arch. Japan,

114 (1963), 200.

23. Pellini, W. S., and P. P. Puzak, «Fracture

Analysis Diagram Procedures

for the Fracture-Safe Engineering Design of Steel Structures», NRL Report 5920, March, 1963; Pellini, W. S. and P. P. Puzak, «Practical Considerations irl Applying Laboratory Fracture Test Criteria to the Fracture-Safe Design of Pressure Vessels», NRL Report 6030, November, 1963; Pellini, W. S., R. J. Goo­ de, P. P. Puzak, E. A. Lange, R. W. Huber, «Review of Concepts and Status of Procedures for Fracture-Safe Design of Complex Welded Structures Involving Metals of Low to Ultra-High Strength Levels», NRL Report 6300, June, 1965.

Кглаве 8

1.Williams, M. L. and G. A. Ellinger, «Investigation of Structural Failu­

res of

Welded Ships», Welding Journal,

32: 10 (1953), Res. Suppl., 498-s.

2. Williams, M. L., «Analysis of Brittle Behavior in Ship Plates», Sympo­

sium on Effect of Temperature on the Brittle Behavior of Metals with Particular

Reference to Low

Temperatures, ASTM

Special Tech. Publ. No. 158, 1954, II.

• • 3.

Williams,

M. L., «Correlation

of Metallurgical

Properties,

V-Notch

Charpy

Energy Criteria, and Service Performance of Steel

Plates from

Fractu­

red Ships», Ship Structure Committee Report No. NBS-7, 1957.

 

4.

Stout, R. D. and H. H. Johnson, «Comparison and Analysis of Notch

Toughness Tests for Steels in Welded Structures», Welding Res. Council Bul­

letin No. 62, July,

1960.

 

 

 

309


5. Pellini, W. S. and P. P. Puzak, «Fracture Analysis Diagram Procedures for the Fracture-Safe Engineering Design of Steel Structures», Naval Res. Lab. Report No. 5920\ also «Practical Considerations in Applying Laboratory Fracture

Test Criteria to the Fracture-Safe Design of Pressure Vessels», Naval Res Lab.

Report No. 6030, 1963.

6.Newhouse, D. L. and В. M. Wundt, «Brittle Boundary. Test Specimens for Determination of Brittle Fracture Characteristics of Alloy Steel» (MEMO BMW-14), February 19, 1961.

7.«On P. B. Charpy Test», Univ. of Tokyo, 6th Subcommittee, Electric Welding Committee of Soc. Naval Arch. Japan, 6-36-77, 1961.

8.Weck, R„ «An Account of M. Henri M. Schnadt’s Ideas on the Strength

of Materials and His Testing Methods», Trans. Inst. Welding,

London, 1950, 13.

9. Herbiet, H. and S. Descovich, «Contributions to the Study ol an Accep­

tance Method of Testing for Weldable Steels C and D Using

the Vee-Notch

Charpy Test on the Basis of a Conventional Specimen», IIW

Doc. IX-184-57.

10.Yoshiki, M., «Statistical Investigations on V-Notch Charpy Transition Curves and Scattering of Impact Data», IIW Doc. IX-268-60.

11.Committee of Arresting Temperature of Crack Propagation, «Studies on Crack Arresting Temperature for Tokai Reactor Pressure Vessel Steel», Japan Atomic Power Company, April, 1963.

12.Yoshiki, M„ T. Kanazawa, and A. Otsuka, «Effects of Notch Radius on Brittle Fracture of Mild Steel in Impact Tension Test», ■J. Soc. Naval Arch. Japan, 98, p. 75.

13.Kanazawa, T. and H. Itagaki, «On the Critical Notch Radius in V-Nolch Charpy Test», Proceedings of the Second Japan Congress on Testing Materials,

Japan Society for Testing Materials, Kyoto, p. 76, 1959.

14.Kahn, N. A., E. A. Imbembo, and F. Ginsberg, «Effect of Variations in Notch Acuity on Behavior of Steel in the Charpy Notch-Bar Test», Proc. ASTM, 50 (1950).

15.Tsushima and Wakazaki. Thesis of Bachelor’s Degree Presented to De­ partment of Naval Architecture, University of Tokyo, 1957.

16. Christensen, N. and B. Augland, «Method

of Notch

Toughness Testing

of Ship Steel», SINTEF. Engineering Research

Foundation

at the Technical

University of Norway, 1956.

 

 

17.Koshiga, F., «On the Pressed-Notch Charpy Test», J. Soc. Naval Arch. Japan, 104 (1959).

18.Kahn, N. A. and E. A. Imbembo, «A Method ol Evaluating Transition

from Shear to Cleavage Fracture in Ship Steel Plate Test», Welding Journal,

27:4 (1948), Res. Suppl., 169-s.

19.19th Research Committee, «Further Investigation on the Testing Method

for the Notch

Sensitivity of Steels», Shipbuilding Research Association of

Japan, March,

1957.

20.Ikeda, K-, «Effect of Thickness of the Notch Toughness of Ship Steel Plates», Report of Transportation Tech. Res. Inst., 5: 12 (1954).

21.Baker, J. T. and C. F. Tipper, «The Value of the Notch Tensile Test», •

Proc. Inst. Mech. Engr., 170, (1956), 615.

22.de Graaf, J. E. and J. H. Van der Veen, «The Notched Slow-Bend Test

as a Brittle Fracture Test», J. Iron and Steel Inst., January, 1953.

23. Puzak, P. P., E. W. Eschbacher, and W. S. Pellini, «Initiation and Pro­

pagation of Brittle Fracture in

Structural Steels», Welding

Journal, 31: 12

(1952), Res. Suppl., 561-s.

 

Tension Specimen

24. Ogura, N., «Brittle Crack Propagation Test by Large

with Pressed and Aged Notch»,

J. Soc. Naval Arch. Japan,

108 (1960).

25.Stout, R. D. and L. J. McGeady, «Notch Sensitivity of Welded Steel Plates», Welding Journal, 28: 1 (1949), Res. Suppl., 1-s.

26.Kinzel, A. B., «Ductility of Steels for Welded Structures», Welding

Journal, 27: 5 (1948), Res. Suppl., 217-s.

«Studies on Criterion for Steel

27. Research Committee for Iron and Steel,

Quality of Preventing Welded Structures from

Brittle Fracture», Japan Wel­

ding Engrg. Soc., 1962.

 

310