Ex. 7. Match the words and word-combinations in columns:

1) the inner space of a ship used for stowage cargoes	a) bilge
2) a kind of a wall that separates the holds from each other	b) limber boards
3) a place in the double bottom which gives way for	c) spar ceiling
drainage the water collected on wooden flooring	d) watertight bulk-
4) wooden battens which prevent packages of cargo from	head
damage by moisture, collected on the side of the ship	e) hold

5. 
   wooden parts which protect the bilges from damage
   

Ex. 8. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. 
   Holds are designed for carrying cargoes.
   
2. 
   Holds are divided into several compartments.
   
3. 
   This is made for drainage the water.
   
4. 
   Sometimes water condensates on metal bulkheads.
   
5. 
   You must pump out all the water.
   
6. 
   Metal should be protected from corrosion.
   
7. 
   Metals should be covered with anticorrosion substance.
   
8. 
   This wooden flooring will not fit to this small compartment.
   
9. 
   Cargo battens are made up of wooden boards.
   
10. 
    Prevent this cotton bales from damage.
    
11. 
    Sometimes moisture collects on the sides of the ship.
    
12. 
    The passenger train travels 100 km per hour.
    
13. 
    It takes two minutes per hatch to open or close the covers.
    
14. 
    Light travels 300.000 kilometers per second.
    
15. 
    The rate of loading is 1200 tons per weather working day.
    

Ex. 9. Make up questions to the words in italic (see Appendix 5, Table А5.10):

1. 
   We pump out the water from the bilges once a week (what).
   

2. 
   They carry ore each voyage (how often).
   
3. 
   The workers cover the bilges with special anticorrosion substance (what … with).
   
4. 
   The dockers use spar ceiling for protecting the package of cargo from damage (what … for).
   

5. 
   The lines on a hull show the draught of a ship (what).
   
6. 
   The stevedores usually control the draught of the vessels to avoid overloading (why).
   
7. 
   The dockers loaded general cargo on board ship (who).
   
8. 
   The seamen pumped out the water collected in the bilges (who).
   

9. 
   The dockers broke three angle brackets some days ago (who).
   

9. 
   They carried petroleum in the tanks (who).
   
10. 
    He cleaned the wooden flooring in hold№2 (who).
    
11. 
    The carpenter repaired the spar ceiling (who).
    

Ex. 10. Complete the sentences. Use the words in the box:



portable wooden battens, boards, the frame by angle brackets,
to prevent packages of cargo from damage, moisture

1. 
   Spar ceiling comprises ______________________________________.
   
2. 
   Spar ceiling is made up of ___________________________________.
   
3. 
   Spar ceiling is attached to ____________________________________.
   

---

4. 
   The purpose of a wooden sheathing is __________________________.
   
5. 
   Bale cargoes may be damaged by ____________________________.
   

Ex. 11. Answer the questions to the text:

1. 
   What do you call a hold?
   
2. 
   Are all ship’s holds of the same capacity?
   
3. 
   How are the holds separated from each other?
   
4. 
   How many holds does a typical dry-cargo vessel have?
   
5. 
   What do the bilges serve for?
   
6. 
   How much water collected in the bilges can be removed?
   
7. 
   What are the bilges covered with to protect them from corrosion?
   
8. 
   What are limber boards used for?
   
9. 
   What is spar ceiling used for?
   
10. 
    What’s the shape of a hatch coaming?
    

Ex. 12. Speak about hatches and holds, work in pairs.
Ex. 13. Make up a report (7-8 sentences) about hatches and holds.

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Unit 5. SHIPBOARD EQUIPMENT
Ex. 1. Active Vocabulary. Read and learn words and word-combinations:

to arrange – располагать		reinforced concrete – армированный
arrangement – расположение,		бетон
устройство		durable – прочный
shell – оболочка, обшивка		pleasure craft – прогулочное судно

---

the bridge provided amidships − _____		to provide the ship with automatic
________________________________		instruments − ___________________
to save a passenger (a ship) − _______		strong plating (bulwark) − _________
a saving bank − __________________		the strength of the shell − __________
fire-proof safety − ________________		strength of materials − ____________
transverse bulkheads (compartments,		strength requirements − ___________
framing) − ______________________		to strengthen the bow − ___________
longitudinal bulkheads (compartments,		to strengthen peace and friendship − _
framing) − ______________________		_______________________________

Ex. 3. State the parts of speech of the following groups of words and translate them into Russian. Use a dictionary if necessary.
To arrange – arrangement – arranging – arranged – arranger;

to protect – protection – protectionism – protectionist – protective – protector

• 
  protectorate – protectorship – protector – protectress – protecting – protected;
  

to serve – service – serviceable – serving – served – servant – servant-maid − serviceman – servile – servility – servitude;
to provide – provision – provider – providing – provided – providence – provident – providently;

strong – strongly – strong-arm – strongarm – strongbox – stronghold – strongpoint – strength – to strengthen – strengthening – strengthened – strenuous.
Ex. 4. Form nouns from the following verbs:

to arrange − _____________________		to protect − _____________________
to open − _______________________		to space − ______________________
to end − ________________________		to include − _____________________
to serve − _______________________		to provide − ____________________
to strength − _____________________		to survive − _____________________
to appear − ______________________		to cover − ______________________
to tackle − ______________________		to load − _______________________
to unload − ______________________		to ship − _______________________

---

Ex. 5. Find pairs with the same meaning:

1) strong		a)	jacket		6) beam		f) for
2) sprinkler system		b)	life belt		7) life preserver		g) to make provision
3) to arrange		c)	to rescue		8) to save		h) firm
4) waistcoat		d) girder			9) to provide		i) to space
5) during		e) extinguisher

Ex. 6. Find pairs with the opposite meaning:

1) to unload		a) longitudinal		5) to open		e) to lower
2) strong		b) to close		6) transverse		f)	to appear
3) to include		c) weak		7) to blow away		g)	to load
4) to disappear		d) to inflame		8) to land		h)	to exclude

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