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10be) ________ pleased to help you.
Ex. 3.4. Составьте предложения по образцу:

1. a motorway may be very busy – we/miss the flight

If the motorway is very busy we’ll miss the flight.

b traffic may be OK – we/get to the airport on time

……………………………………………………………………

2. a weather may be good – they/have the party in the garden

……………………………………………………………………

b it may rain – they/hold the reception in the marquee

……………………………………………………………………

3. a the play may do well – it/open on Broadway

……………………………………………………………………

b the play may do badly – it/close after a week

……………………………………………………………………

Ex. 3.5. Объясните значение этих предложенийпо образцу.

1 For further information call us on 0800 726354.

If you ring 0800 726354, we’ll give you some more information.

2 We’ve got these products on a ‘sale or return’ basis.

……………………………………………………………………

3 Subscribe to Business Age before 30 September and save up to 33%.

……………………………………………………………………

4 The Ford Ka comes with a money-bank guarantee.

……………………………………………………………………

Ex. 3.6. Дополните предложения.

1 If I have time this weekend, ……………………………………

2 If I go on a holiday this year, ……………………………………

3 If I can afford it, …………………………………………………

4 If I carry on learning English, …………………………………

5 If I stay in my present job, ………………………………………

6 If I feel tired this evening, ………………………………………

7 If I finish work early, ……………………………………………

8 If I move house at some stage in the future, ……………………
IV Dealing with problems

Ex. 4.1. Фразы, приведенные внизу, важны для обсуждения проблем. Сопоставьте пять шагов решения проблем 1-5 с соответствующими фразами a-e.

Step 1: Explain the problem a If you (do X), it will mean …

Step 2: Present the options b I’ll arrange…

Step 3: Consider the result of c It’s better / best if I (do X).

each option

Step 4: Choose the best solution d I’ve got a problem …

Step 5: Promise action e There are two possibilities: you

could either (do X) or you could

(doX).

Ex. 4.2. Прочитайте диалог и ответьте на вопросы:

Shane: OT Components. How may I help you?

Magda: Good morning. This is Magda Zawadski from Fortuna in Poland. We recently ordered some components and I’m afraid we’ve got a problem. We ordered 15 but you sent 50!

Shane: Oh! I’m sorry about that. How many have we charged for in the invoice?

Magda: You charged for 50. And unfortunately, we have paid by automatic payment. So it means we have paid too much.

Shane: Yes I see. Well we’ve got two options. I can either send you a credit note, or I can request the accounts department to refund your money. If you are ordering from us again, it’ll be easier to send you a credit note. If I arrange a refund, you’ll have to wait three to four weeks before you receive it.

Magda: well, we probably won’t order from you again for two or three months. So it’s better if you refund the money.

Shane:
OK. That’s no problem. I’ll arrange that for you. And I’ll also ask our distributor to collect the extra units that you don’t want.

Magda: OK, thank you very much.

Shane: I’m sorry about the mistake. Please accept our apologies.

Questions:

1) What is Magda’s problem?

2) What two options does Shane present?

3) Which option does Magda choose and why?

4) What does Shane promise to do?

Ex. 4.3. Составьте диалог по следующим ситуациям:

Situation 1.

Student A: A shop manager

Your shop sells fruit and vegetables. You received some tomatoes this morning but they are damaged and you can’t sell them. Phone the supplier. Explain the problem, listen to the options and choose the best solution.

Student B: A supplier

Your company supplies vegetables to stores. You receive a phone call from a shop manager. Listen to the customer and offer two possible options:

1 – cancel the order and refund the cost.

2 – replace the order with a new delivery (they will receive it in about three hours).

Listen to the shop manager’s decision and promise action.

Situation 2.

Student A: A supplier

Your company supplies bread to stores. You receive a phone call from a shop manager. Listen to the customer and offer two possible options:

1 – offer to collect all the extra rolls.

2 – tell the shop to sell what they can. Refund the cost of any rolls that they don’t sell.

Listen to the shop manager’s decision and promise action.

Student B: A shop manager

Your shop sells bread. You ordered 200 rolls this morning but the supplier delivered 400. You can’t sell 400. Phone the supplier, listen to the options and choose the best solution.

Review 3

1. Заполните пропуски в тексте глаголами в Present Perfect (в отрицательной или положительной формах):
be decide fall introduce rise see stay
The Channel Tunnel is an impressive example of modern technology, but it 1_______________ so successful as a financial venture. Shareholders are unhappy about the latest reports, which show that the number of cars using the tunnel 2________________ by 8 per cent in the last twelve months. The number of trucks and commercial vehicles 3________________ at the same level, but the company 4_________________ an increase in its market share. Airline traffic between London and Paris 5_______________ because of low cost airfares. Eurotunnel’s directors 6____________________ not to review their pricing strategy. Instead, they 7__________________ a programmer of cost-cutting in the hope of saving the company.


2. Перепишите предложения, используя страдательный залог.

1. We describe the results of this survey in our latest report.

The results ____________________________________________

2. They call the new model the “Robomat”.

The new model ________________________________________

3. They are building a new office block in the city centre.

A new office __________________________________________

4. They will complete the building next year.

The building __________________________________________

5. The company has developed a new drink.

A new drink ___________________________________________

6. The company raised salaries by 4 per cent last year.

Salaries ______________________________________________

7. The company offered a job to only one person.

Only one person _______________________________________

8. The company manufactures the T408 in Germany.

The T408 ____________________________________________

3. Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в Present Simple или Future Simple.

1. If you have an accident, the insurance company (pay) _____________ the cost. 2. If you (not have) ___________________ insurance, you will have to pay for the damage yourself. 3. You could miss your plane if you (not hurry) __________________ . 4. You (not lose) ______________________ money if you invest in a strong company. 5. There will be an extra charge if the customer (not pay) _____________________ on time. 6. The company (need) _________________ to recruit more staff if they set up the new office. 7. Our staff (learn) __________________ to do a better job if we give them training. 8. If the quality (be) ______________poor, our customers will complain.

4. Выберите верную форму слова или фразы, выделенных курсивом.

Everyone thinks British food is the worst in the world. But it 1improved / has improved a lot in recent years. Britons 2found / have found a new interest in food. If you 3read / will read Brotish newspapers, you will see recipes and restaurant reviews. New restaurants 4is / are being advertised everywhere. Cooking programmes 5schedule / are scheduled on TV every night and kitchens 6became / have become bigger and better.

The biggest change that can 7see / be seen is in the quality of produce in shops. Twenty years ago, there 8was / has been only one kind of tomato in supermarkets. Now, if you 9visit / will visit a British supermarket, you can find 15 types of tomato. A similar change 10has took / has taken place in other rich countries. And in developing countries, it 11has reported / has been reported that there is a lot more food available to the poor.

But the wrong kind of food 12was / is being consumed too. In some countries, more than half the population is overweight. Doctors warn that if people 13won’t / don’t eat better, there 14are / will be more deaths from over-eating than from smoking.

5. Выберите лучший вариант a-c, чтобы заполнить пропуски в тексте.

John went skiing last winter. He had an 1_______________ and fell 20 meters down the mountain. He wasn’t 2___________________, but his camera was 3_____________ . The cost of repairs was €200. He tried to 4______________ on his travel insurance, but the insurance company said that his 5___________ didn’t cover dangerous sports.

1. a accident b incident c injury

2. a damaged b unhealthy c injured

3. a injured b damaged c destroyed

4. a complain b cover c claim

5 a protection b policy c claim

6. Выберите лучший вариант a-c, чтобы заполнить пропуски в тексте.


Online shopping has increased dramatically in recent years as more and more people use the internet to 1________________ travel tickets and buy goods. However, there can be problems when buying online. Some retailers have found it difficult to guarantee 2______________ times: goods may arrive late or not at all. Some customers become frustrated when they are unable to cancel an order or get a 3_____________ for goods they don’t want. Companies that try to 4_____________ spending on customer service may find it difficult to 5_____________ all the complaints from 6_____________ customers.
1. a book b require c command

2. a delivery b distribution c service

3. a payback b return c refund

4. a reduce b put down c fall

5. a apologise b deal c handle

6. a satisfied b dissatisfied c unsatisfied

7. А и В обсуждают, снимать ли им большую или маленькую комнату для вечеринки. Они не знают, сколько людей будет присутствовать. Сопоставьте фразы с аргументами a-c.

A My view is that we should hire the big room,

B On the other hand,

A I understand your point,

B Surely the main point

A That’s right.
a If the room is too small, our customers will leave – and that could cost us a lot!

b but if a lot of people come, we will need the space.

c is to save costs where we can.

d because it’s better to have too much space than not enough.

e we might have to pay a lot of money for space we don’t need.

8. Офисный служащий (А) звонит технику (В). Поставьте фразы из их диалога по порядку.

B OK, but if we send someone to you, you may have to wait till this afternoon.

B Fine. Then I’ll arrange for someone to come to you.

A I’ve got a problem with my laptop – it isn’t working.

A That’s OK, I can wait.

B Right. Well there are two possibilities: we could send someone to you to look at it, or you could bring it to us.

A I can’t bring it to you very easily – it’s connected to other equipment at my desk.


Приложение I

Контрольная работа № 1

  1. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

WHAT IS ECONOMICS

Unlike history, mathematics, English and chemistry, economics is a subject that most students encounter only briefly before they begin college. Economics is a basic discipline, not an applied subject like accounting or drafting in which specific skills are taught.

Economics has some similarities to mathematics because logical reasoning and mathematical tools are used in it extensively. It also has some similarities to history because economics studies people as they interact in social groups.

Like chemistry, economics employs the scientific method, although some of economics has a descriptive rather than an analytical flavour. Finally, like English grammar, economics has a few simple rules and principles, but from these principles economics can derive many conclusions.

Economics is the science of making choices. Individuals must decide whether to study another hour or to go for a walk, whether to buy a six-pack of Pepsi or a 0,5 gallon of milk at the grocery, whether to choose fire fighting or teaching as an occupation and whether to play golf or to watch television for an afternoon of recreation. As a group, people must also choose through their governments whether to build a dam or to repair highways with their taxes, whether to invest money to business or to expand national parks.

The common element in all these decisions is that every choice involves a cost.

In fact, economics is the study of the choice that people make and the actions that they take in order to make the best use of scarce resources in meeting their wants.

II. Переведите с английского языка на русский:

A basic discipline; an applied subject; similarities; logical reasoning; mathematical tools; a descriptive flavour; occupation; to invest money to business; the common element; to involve; the best use of scarce resources.


III. Переведите с русского языка на английский:

Знакомиться; бухгалтерский учет; особые навыки; широко использоваться; взаимодействовать в социальных группах; несколько простых принципов; налоги; расширять; стоимость; потребности.

IV. Закончите предложения.

1. Economics is not an applied subject like...

2. Like chemistry, economics...

3. As a group, people must also choose whether to invest money to business or to expand national parks through ...

4. The common element of all decisions is ...

V. Верны или неверны следующие утверждения:

1. Economics is a subject that most students encounter only briefly.

2. Economics is not a basic discipline like history, mathematics, English and chemistry.

3. Some of economics has a descriptive rather than an analytical flavour.

4. Economics is like English grammar, because it has difficult rules and principles.

VI. Выберите правильное слово:

1. Economics is a ... discipline.

a) basic; b) natural; c) social.

2. ... is an applied subject.

a) history; b) accounting; c) economics.

3. Mathematical tools are used in economics ...

a) briefly; b) extensively; c) finally.

4. Like English grammar economics has a few... and principles.

a) rules; b) graphs; c) lines.

5. Every choice involves ...

a) investment; b) cost; c) time.

VII. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. What is the difference between economics and such disciplines as history, mathematics, English and chemistry?

2. What is used extensively in economics?

3. What similarities has economics to chemistry?

4. Is economics the science of making choices?

5. What is the common element in all choices?

6. What does economics study?

VIII. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, определяя видовременную форму глаголов.

1. Most students encountered economics only briefly.

2. Economics has always employed the scientific method.

3. People generally repeated the decisions that they had made at an earlier time.

4. My brother was working at the bank when I graduated from the University.

IX. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод конструкций there are (there is/ there was/ there were).

1. There are some black markets in which people buy things at prices much higher than they should be.

2. There were some periods in our recent economic history when the price level rose despite low demand.

3. Today there is a surplus of unskilled and manual labourers in the north of England, whereas firms in the London area have vacancies unfilled.

4. There was a firm owned by a group of people called corporation.
Контрольная работа №2

  1. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

ECONOMIST

I'm a student of the Mordovian State University. In the near future I'll graduate from the University and become a professional economist. I'm sure that the profession of an economist is one of the most important nowadays in our Republic.