Файл: Технологический университет.docx

Much, many, (a) little, (a) few

много	much	time, water ,love
много	many	books, women, friends
много	a lot of	time, books, love
мало (плохо)	little	time, water, love
мало (хорошо)	a little	time, water, love
мало (плохо)	few	books, women, friends
мало (хорошо)	a few	books, women, friends

Вопросительные местоимения

Who – кто?	Who invented the radio? Who did you invite?
Whose – чей?	Whose book did you take?
What – что, чей?	What did you ask? What book did you take?
Why – почему?	Why did you come?
Which – который, какой, что?	Which student works hard? Which of you speaks French?
When – когда?	When did you come?
How many/how much?	How many books have you bought? How much have you read?
Where – где, куда	Where is he? Where did he go?
How often – как часто?	How often do you come here?
How - как	How did you get there?

Спряжение глагола to be

Present Simple

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
I am	Am I?	I am not
He, she, it is	Is he, she, it?	He, she, it is not/ isn’t
We, you, they are	Are we, you, they?	We, you, they are not/ aren’t

Past Simple

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
I, he, she, it was	Was I, he, she, it?	I, he, she, it was not/wasn’t
We, you, they were	Were you, they, we?	We, you, they were not/ weren’t

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Future Simple

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
I, we shall be	Shall I, we be?	I, we shall not/shan’t be
You, we, they will be	Will you, we, they be?	You, we, they will not/ won’t be

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Глагол to have

Present Simple

Утвердительная форма	Отрицательная форма	Вопросительная форма
I, you, we, they have/ have got	I, you, we, they don’t have/haven’t got	Do I, we, you, they have? Have I, you, we, they got/
He, she, it has/ has got	He, she, it doesn’t have/ hasn’t got	Does he, she, it have? Has she, he, it got?

Past Simple

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
I, you, he, she, it, we, they had	Did I, you, he, she, it, we, they have?	I, you, he, she, it, we, they didn’t have

Future Simple

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
I, we shall have	Shall I, we have?	I, we shall not/ shan’t have
You, she, he, they will have	Will you he, she, they have?	You, she, he, they will not/ won’t have

Повелительное наклонение

Утвердительная форма	Отрицательная форма
Close the door, please! – Закройте дверь, пожалуйста! Open the window, please! – Откройте окно, пожалуйста!	Don’t close the door, please! – Не закрывайте дверь, пожалуйста! Don’t open the window, please!- Не открывайте окно, пожалуйста!

Оборот There is/are

Время	Утвердит. форма	Вопросит. форма	Отрицательн. форма
Настоящее/Present	There is a lamp on the table There are some books on the table	Is there a lamp on the table? Are there any books on the table?	There is no/there isn’t any lamp on the table There are no/ there aren’t any books on the table
Прошедшее/ Past	There was much bread in the fridge There were many books on the table	Was there much bread in the fridge? Were there many books on the table?	There was no/wasn’t any bread in the fridge There were no/weren’t any books on the table
Будущее/ Future	There will be much snow tomorrow There will be many new houses next year	Will there be much snow tomorrow? Will there be many new houses next year?	There will be no/won’t be any snow tomorrow There will be no/won’t be any new houses next year

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Simple Tenses

Present Simple Tense

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
I work	Do I work?	I don’t wok
He, she, it works	Does he, she, it work?	He, she, it doesn’t work
We work	Do we work?	We don’t work
They work	Do they work?	They don’t work

Сводка случаев употребления Present Simple(Indefinite)

1. Действие обычное, постоянное, свойственное подлежащему	I get up at 8 o’clock	Я встаю в 8 часов
2. Действие, происходящее в момент речи, с глаголами не употребляющимися в Present Continuous. (to be, to know, to understand, to think, to want, to like, to see, to hear, to have…)	I don’t understand it I see a ship in the distance	Я этого не понимаю Я вижу судно вдали
3. Будущее действие в придаточных предложениях условия и времени, которые вводятся союзами if, when, as soon as, before, after, till, until	If he comes, I shall ask him about it. I shall go to bed when I finish my work.	Если он придет, я спрошу его об этом. Я лягу спать, когда закончу свою работу.
4. Общеизвестные истины	The sun rises in the east and sets in the west	Солнце встает на востоке и садится на западе
5. Для выражения действия в будущем (как и настоящее время в русском языке), когда речь идет о заранее намеченном действии ( транспорт, концерт, курсы и т.п.)	The train leaves at 10 o’clock When does the film start?	Поезд отходит в 10 часов Когда начинается фильм?

Past Simple Tense

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
I worked/saw	Did I work/see?	I didn’t work/see
He, she, it worked/saw	Did she, he it work/see?	He, she it didn’t work/see
We worked/saw	Did we work/see?	He, she, it didn’t work/see
You worked/saw	Did you work/see?	You didn’t work/see
They worked/saw	Did they work/see?	They didn’t work/see

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