Файл: Бондарчук К.Я. Классы кораблей и их вооружение (учебное пособие для слушателей 030).pdf
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в зону действия мины, неконтактная мина, рельсовый путь, сбрасывать мины.
Упражнение 3. Переведите следующий диалог, не поль зуясь словарем:
A. What is the difference between torpedoes and mines? B. Torpedoes move in order to damage the target ship, but
mines are stationary.
A.What classes of mines do you know?
B.There can be anchored, floating, bottom mines.
A.What explosive is used for mines?
B.Trotyl is.
Упражнение 4. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:
1.Тротил это в-зрывчатое вещество для мин.
2.Мины можно сбрасывать с самолетов.
3.Надводные корабли сбрасывают мины с рельсовых
путей.
4.Некоторые пл пл ставят мины при помощи торпедных аппаратов.
Упражнение 5. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1.What classes of mines do you know?
2.What ships can drop mines?
3.What explosive is used for mines?
4.Can submarines lay mines by means of usual torpedo
tubes?
5.From what part of the ship are mines dropped?
Упражнение 6. Контрольный перевод (без словаря).
The Navy uses different classes of mines. Some of them are
on the surface, others — under |
the |
water or |
even on the |
sea |
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bottom. Trotyl is their explosive. |
called |
minelayers, or |
by |
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Mines are laid by |
special |
ships, |
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other ships: cruisers, |
destroyers, minesweepers, motor-torpedo |
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boats, submarines, and by aircraft. |
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groups of mines |
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Mines are usually laid in groups. Large |
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are called minefields. |
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Т е к с т № 14 |
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DEPTH CHARGES |
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The depth charge is a weapon |
which |
is |
used exclusively |
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against submarines. It consists of |
a |
charge of |
trotyl |
and is |
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designed |
to |
explode |
(detonate) |
automatically |
at the |
depth |
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between |
50 |
and 500 feet. It can |
detonate at a given depth or |
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on impact with the hull of a submarine, |
the |
ground or |
any |
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other hard object. |
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Depth |
charges are |
launched |
or |
dropped |
from rails |
(or |
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chutes) or fired from |
throwers. They |
can |
also |
be rolled |
over |
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the stern. The depth charge must be dropped as close to the target submarine as possible, for its lethal range is small because of the comparatively small amount of the explosive (about 300 lb.). Therefore it is usual to discharge a number of depth charges in succession in order to form a pattern and allow for possible errors in the submerged depth and speed of the submarine.
Depth charges are of three main types: 1) the short range depth charges; 2) the long range depth charges and 3) the aerial depth charges. The short range depth charge is rolled overboard or thrown a short distance — not more than 80 yards (73 metres) by a depth charge thrower. The long range depth charge is fired to ranges of 100 yards or more (92 metres) upwards from guns or bombthrowers. The aerial depth charge is dropped from aircraft.
Exclusively (adv) |
— |
исключительно; |
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against |
(prp) |
— |
против; |
between |
(prp) |
— между; |
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any (prn) |
— любой; |
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launch — drop (v) |
— бросать; |
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rails (n) |
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рельсы; |
chute (n) |
— желоб; |
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thrower — bombthrower (n) |
— бомбомет; |
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throw |
(threw, thrown) (v) |
— |
сбрасывать; |
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roll (v) |
— |
скатывать; |
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as close.... as possible |
— как можно ближе; |
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for (conj) |
— ибо; |
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lethal range |
— радиус разрушительного |
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действия; |
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because of (prp) |
— из-за; |
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comparatively (adv) |
— сравнительно; |
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amount (n) |
— |
количество; |
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lb.— libra — pound |
— фунт; |
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therefore (adv) |
— поэтому; |
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discharge (v) |
— сбрасывать, выпускать, вы |
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стреливать; |
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a number of (n) |
— ряд; |
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succession (n) |
— |
последовательность; |
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pattern (n) |
— поражаемый |
объем, серия, |
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allow for (v) |
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группа бомб; |
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— делать поправку; |
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error |
(n) |
— |
ошибка; |
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long |
range depth charge |
— |
глубинная бомба, выстре |
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ливаемая из |
бомбометных |
short range depth charge |
— |
установок; |
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глубинная бомба, сбрасы |
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ваемая с кормовых и бор |
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товых бомбосбрасывателей; |
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aerial depth charge |
— |
противолодочная авиацион |
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overboard (adv) |
— |
ная бомба; |
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за борт; |
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upwards (adv) |
— |
вверх. |
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Упражнения к тексту № 14
Упражнение 1. Выпишите произношение следующих слов,
пользуясь словарем:
weapon, any, chute, bombthrower, lethal, succession, aerial. Упражнение 2. Переведите следующие слова и словосоче
тания на английский язык: взрываться, сбрасывать глубин ные бомбы, бомбосбрасыватель, скатывать за борт, радиус разрушительного действия, на заданной глубине.
Упражнение 3. Переведите следующий диалог, не поль зуясь словарем:
A.What is a depth charge?
B.It is a weapon which is used against submarines.
A.What explosive is used in depth charges?
B.Trotyl is.
4—Зак. 638 |
49 |
A.From where are they dropped?
B.They can be dropped from rails, fired from throwers of
rolled overboard. |
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A. How do depth charges detonate? |
the submarine or |
B. At a given depth or on impact with |
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any other hard object. |
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Упражнение 4. Переведите следующие |
предложения на |
английский язык: |
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1.Мы используем глубинные бомбы против пл пл.
2.Взрывчатым веществом для глубинных бомб является
тротил.
3.Она может взорваться на заданной глубине.
4.Глубинные бомбы могут быть сброшены с самолетов.
Упражнение 5. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1.Against what ships are depth charges used?
2.What is the explosive for depth charges?
3.How do depth charges detonate?
4.From where are they dropped?
5.What ships are armed with depth charges?
Упражнение 6. Контрольный перевод (без словаря).
The depth charge is a weapon used by surface ships against submarines. It can detonate automatically at a given depth between 50 and 500 feet. It can also explode on impact with a submarine, the ground or any other hard object. It can be dropped from rails or fired from throwers.
There are depth charges which are |
dropped from aircraft. |
The lethal range of depth charges is not |
great. |
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Текст № 15
ROCKETS AND GUIDED MISSILES
The |
term «guided missile» is often used instead of «rocket», |
though |
there is some difference between them. The flight path |
of the |
rocket cannot be changed. A guided missile can change |
the direction of its movement. It is |
pilotless, |
and is directed |
to |
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a target by instruments inside it, |
or |
by |
«commands» from |
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outside it. |
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Abroad there are seven categories |
of |
missiles. They |
are |
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classified according to the position of the target and the posi tion of the launcher: 1) air-to-air; 2) surface-to-air; 3) air-to- surface; 4) surface-to-surface; 5) underwater-to-surface; 6) sur- face-to-underwater; 7) underwater-to-underwater.
Missiles of the first category are launched by one aircraft against another' or against a missile. Missiles of the second category are antiair (defense) weapons. They are launched
from ships against |
aircraft or missiles. Air-to-surface missiles |
are launched from |
aircraft against targets on the ground or |
- at sea. |
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Surface-to-surface missiles are launched from ships against |
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targets on land or |
at sea. Underwater missiles are launched |
from submarines against targets on land or against other sub marines.
Most rockets are carried by aircraft, especially by fighters and attack aircraft. They are effective against ships and other
aircraft. |
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Term (n) |
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— термин; |
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instead |
(prp) |
’ |
— вместо; |
though |
(conj) |
— хотя; |
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path (n) |
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— траектория; |
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change |
(v) |
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— менять, изменять; |
direction (n) |
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— направление; |
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